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If there are page numbers, include the page number you paraphrased or quoted from in parentheses. When referencing one author in parentheses, use the last name followed by a comma and the publication year or n.d. 43).Īs noted by Kohler (n.d.), falsely balanced news coverage can distort the public’s perception of expert consensus on an issue. Taylor (2016) found that heavy social media use can be linked to depression and other mental disorders in adolescents (p. If there are page numbers, include the page number you paraphrased or quoted from in parentheses at the end of the sentence. When referencing one author in a sentence, include the author’s last name as part of the text followed the publication year in parentheses or n.d. People at high risk of developing flu-related complications. Scribener.Īmerican Indians and Alaskan Natives are at high risk for the flu (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018).Ĭenters for Disease Control and Prevention. Grit: The power of passion and perseverance. In-Text Citation Typeĭuckworth (2018) writes that cadets with high scores are as likely to drop out of West Point as cadets with low scores.ĭuckworth, A. She the examples below - parallel elements are in maroon.
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In-text citations (narrative or parenthetical) must parallel the entries on the References list. In-text citations and the References list For example, the title "Milk Chocolate Is Better Than Dark, the End," would be shortened in the parentheses to "Milk Chocolate."
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Example: Johnson and Travers (2016) discussed the causes of this disaster, while Marston (n.d.) focused on the consequences.If the year of publication is not available, n.d. When the name of the author appears in a sentence, the year of publication, if available, follows it.Example: Walters (2003) wrote that most people tend to follow the path of least resistance.In a narrative citation, the author's name appears in the sentence and not in parentheses.A parenthetical citation can appear within or at the end of a sentence. Parenthetical citations : Author last name/s and publication year and page number (if applicable) appear in parentheses.The author’s last name can be included any place in the sentence where it makes sense. The publication year and page number (if applicable) follows in parentheses. Narrative citations : Author last name/s are included in the text as part of the sentence.In-text citations have two formats - narrative and parenthetical: In-text citations are citations that appear in the body of an essay or paper.
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